What is LBMA? Complete Guide to the London Bullion Market Association
Introduction
The London Bullion Market Association (LBMA) is the world’s most prestigious authority for gold and silver trading. Established in 1987 in London, the LBMA sets global standards for precious metals through its Good Delivery List, refining guidelines, and market regulations. Any refinery, trader, or financial institution that aims to be recognized internationally must comply with LBMA standards.
History of LBMA
- Founded: 1987 in London.
- Rooted in: The London Gold Market (1919) and the London Silver Market (1897).
- Key role: Acting as the global benchmark for bullion quality, market integrity, and ethical sourcing.
Structure of LBMA
The LBMA is composed of:
- Members: Banks, refiners, traders, and logistics companies.
- Committees: Technical, Regulatory Affairs, Physical Committee, and Responsible Sourcing Committee.
- Good Delivery List: A prestigious register of accredited refineries producing gold and silver bars that meet the highest global standards.
Importance of LBMA in the Global Gold Market
- Trust and Credibility – LBMA certification ensures bullion is authentic, pure, and responsibly sourced.
- Liquidity – LBMA-accredited bars are accepted globally by banks, investors, and exchanges.
- Transparency – The LBMA promotes clear rules and responsible sourcing practices.
- Price Benchmarking – The London Gold Fix, coordinated through LBMA members, remains a global price reference.
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ابر ریفاینری دنیا | خلوص +۱۰۰۰‰ طلا، استاندارد فراتر از LBMA
LBMA (London Bullion Market Association) مرجع شمش طلا لندن
Good Delivery List (GDL)
The Good Delivery List is at the heart of the LBMA’s credibility:
- Only refineries that meet strict standards in purity, weight, appearance, and responsible sourcing are listed.
- Currently, over 60 gold refineries and more than 80 silver refineries worldwide are accredited.
- Accredited bars must have:
- Purity: Minimum 995.0 for gold.
- Weight: Around 400 troy ounces (~12.5 kg).
- Markings: Serial number, refinery stamp, fineness, and year of manufacture.
Why LBMA Matters for Refineries and Investors
- For Refineries: Being on the Good Delivery List acts as a global passport to the bullion market.
- For Investors: Ensures they are trading bars of the highest quality and integrity.
- For Banks & Exchanges: Reduces risk, increases market confidence, and simplifies trade.
Frequently Asked Questions (Part One)
1. What does LBMA stand for?
London Bullion Market Association.
2. What is the Good Delivery List?
A register of refineries worldwide accredited to produce gold and silver bars that meet LBMA standards.
3. Why is LBMA accreditation important?
It guarantees global recognition, market trust, and acceptance by banks, exchanges, and investors.
4. How many refineries are accredited?
Currently, about 66 for gold and over 80 for silver.
5. Does LBMA only cover gold?
No. LBMA also covers silver and is increasingly active in responsible sourcing for other precious metals.
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Tone: Professional – SEO-optimized – Educational
LBMA Accreditation: Process, Costs, and Global Impact
LBMA Accreditation Process (Step by Step)
Obtaining a place on the LBMA Good Delivery List is a rigorous and lengthy process. The main steps are:
-
Pre-Application
- Refinery must have a minimum of three years of refining history.
- Annual refined production must meet thresholds (e.g., 10 tonnes for gold).
-
Application Submission
- Detailed technical documents, capacity reports, and compliance forms must be submitted.
- The refinery pays an application fee.
-
Sample Submission
- Refineries must provide sample bars for independent testing by LBMA referees.
- Tests include: weight, purity, appearance, and security marks.
-
On-Site Inspection
- LBMA representatives conduct site visits to assess production, sourcing, and compliance.
-
Responsible Sourcing Audit
- Independent auditors review the refinery’s supply chain to ensure ethical sourcing.
-
Final Approval
- Results are reviewed by the LBMA Physical Committee.
- If successful, the refinery is added to the Good Delivery List.
Timeframe: Typically 12–24 months from start to approval.
Costs of LBMA Accreditation
- Application Fee: Approx. £8,000 – £12,000 (varies).
- Annual Membership Fees: £5,000 – £15,000 depending on category.
- Audit Costs: Paid separately to accredited auditors.
- Testing & Refinery Upgrades: Significant internal investment may be required.
Global Distribution of LBMA-Accredited Refineries
- Europe: Switzerland, UK, Germany.
- Asia: China, Japan, South Korea, India, UAE.
- Americas: USA, Canada, Brazil, Mexico.
- Africa: South Africa, Ghana.
- Oceania: Australia.
As of 2025:
- Gold Refineries: 66 accredited.
- Silver Refineries: 81 accredited.
LBMA vs Other International Accreditations
While LBMA is the global benchmark, other countries also maintain similar systems:
- COMEX (USA) – Gold and silver bars for futures contracts.
- Shanghai Gold Exchange (China) – Domestic accreditation system.
- Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC, UAE) – Local standards for Middle Eastern markets.
- Tokyo Commodity Exchange (Japan) – Accreditation for Japanese bullion trade.
LBMA Good Delivery Numbers (2025)
Metal | Accredited Refineries | Min. Purity | Standard Bar Weight |
---|---|---|---|
Gold | 66 | 995.0 | ~400 oz (12.5 kg) |
Silver | 81 | 999.0 | ~1000 oz (31.1 kg) |
Formula for LBMA Good Delivery Compliance
To simplify, a refinery must meet:
Accreditation Score = (Purity Compliance + Weight Accuracy + Responsible Sourcing + Market Demand + Audit Results) ≥ LBMA Threshold
Growth of LBMA Membership (2010–2025)
The number of accredited refineries has steadily increased, especially in Asia.
- 2010: 55 gold refineries
- 2015: 61 gold refineries
- 2020: 64 gold refineries
- 2025: 66 gold refineries
(Silver refineries followed a similar growth curve.)
Frequently Asked Questions (Part Two)
1. How long does LBMA accreditation take?
Between 1–2 years depending on readiness.
2. How much does it cost?
Application fees plus audits; total investment may exceed £100,000 including upgrades.
3. Can equipment manufacturers apply for LBMA certification?
No. Only refineries producing gold or silver bars can apply.
4. How many bars carry LBMA certification?
Millions of bars worldwide, but only those produced by accredited refineries are recognized.
5. What happens if a refinery loses compliance?
LBMA may suspend or delist the refinery from the Good Delivery List.
Conclusion
The LBMA Good Delivery List is the gold standard in bullion markets. Accreditation requires years of refining history, strict technical compliance, and adherence to responsible sourcing. While costly and time-consuming, the reward is global recognition, trust, and access to the most liquid gold and silver markets in the world.
Call to Action
- For refineries: Begin the accreditation journey early by aligning operations with LBMA standards.
- For investors: Always request LBMA Good Delivery bars for security and liquidity.
- For stakeholders: Partner with accredited refiners to ensure compliance with international best practices.
The LBMA offices are located in the heart of the city of London, close to the historic Royal Exchange building, a stone's throw away from the Bank of England.
7th Floor
62 Threadneedle Street
London EC2R 8HP
Tel +44 (0) 20 7796 3067
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Tone: Professional, authoritative, SEO-optimized
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